中药多糖防治糖尿病视网膜病变机制研究OA

Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is one of the most severe microvascular complications of diabetes,progressing gradually and ultimately leading to blindness.Current clinical treatments such as laser photocoagulation and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs demonstrate limited efficacy,accompanied by significant side effects,high recurrence rates,and inadequate neuroprotective effects.There is an urgent need to explore novel,safe,and effective therapeutic strategies.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)polysaccharides,as natural bioactive macromolecules,demonstrate unique advantages in DR prevention and treatment due to their multi-targeted action and low toxicity.Research indicates that TCM polysaccharides can delay DR progression and promote retinal functional repair through multiple mechanisms,including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects,inhibition of pyroptosis,suppression of abnormal neovascularization,and regulation of retinal ganglion cells.This paper systematically reviews the research progress of TCM polysaccharides in DR prevention and treatment,delves into their mechanisms of action and potential applications,and provides theoretical references for clinical management and novel drug development in DR.