黄连炮制历史沿革、化学成分及药理作用研究OA

Focuses on Huanglian(Coptidis Rhizoma)and systematically reviews its historical development,changes in chemical composition,and pharmacological research progress.Since the Han Dynasty,medical practitioners have continuously improved its preparation methods in long-term clinical practice,resulting in various preparations such as wine Huanglian(Coptidis Rhizoma),ginger Huanglian(Coptidis Rhizoma),Wuzhuyu Huanglian(Coptidis Rhizoma),and bile Huanglian(Coptidis Rhizoma),reflecting the traditional concept of"modifying properties with excipients and enhancing efficacy through processing".The revision of modern pharmacopoeias has promoted the transition of Huanglian(Coptidis Rhizoma)preparation from experiential methods to standardized ones.Chemical studies have shown that Huanglian(Coptidis Rhizoma)contains multiple active ingredients,including alkaloids,flavonoids,lignans,phenolic acids,and volatile oils,with berberine,coptisine,and palmatine being the main pharmacologically active substances.Pharmacological studies demonstrate that Huanglian(Coptidis Rhizoma)possesses multiple biological activities,such as anti-inflammatory,antibacterial,antitumor,hypoglycemic,and cardiovascular protection effects.Its mechanisms of action involve signaling pathways such as NF-κB,PI3K/Akt,AMPK.Multi-omics and network pharmacology studies have revealed Huanglian(Coptidis Rhizoma)'s"multi-component,multi-target,multi-pathway"comprehensive action characteristics.Currently,Huanglian(Coptidis Rhizoma)research is deepening from traditional experience to a more systematic and mechanistic approach,though the intrinsic connections between preparation methods,chemical composition changes,and pharmacological effects remain to be further clarified.This paper reviews recent domestic and international research on the chemical composition and pharmacological activities of Huanglian(Coptidis Rhizoma),providing theoretical support and practical references for better utilization of this plant resource and its clinical application.