间质性肺疾病病理诊断模式的更新与思考OA

Interstitial lung disease(ILD)comprises a group of highly heterogeneous non-neoplastic disorders,and its pathological diagnosis has long remained a major challenge in both clinical practice and pathology.With the widespread application of minimally invasive techniques such as transbronchial cryobiopsy,the 2025 update of the in-ternational multidisciplinary classification of interstitial pneumonias,and the emergence of new technologies including artificial intelligence(AI),the pathological diagnostic paradigm for ILD is undergoing profound transformation.This article aims to analyze the current status and key bottlenecks of pathological diagnosis of ILD in China,discuss the in-sights provided by the updated classification system,reaffirm the cornerstone role of clinico-radiologic-pathologic mul-tidisciplinary diagnosis,and explore the potential of emerging technologies in improving diagnostic performance.Ulti-mately,an integrative strategy is proposed to address current challenges and to facilitate the transition of ILD diagnosis and management from reliance on a single pathological pattern toward a dynamic,precise,and integrated diagnostic and management paradigm.