暗色有隔内生真菌生态功能多样性研究进展OA

Dark septate endophytes(DSE)are a group of non-pathogenic,symbiotic fungi extensively colonizing the roots of healthy plants,characterized by the dark,septate hyphae and microsclerotia.They are considered to be a highly valuable microbial resource for and utilization in plant growth and bioremediation technology due to their wide distribution,non-host specificity,and ability to be cultured in pure culture in vitro.This paper provides a systematic review of the multifaceted ecological roles of DSE in plant nutrient uptake,tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses,and the regulation of ecosystem functions.DSE enhances the absorption and utilization of mineral nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus by host plants through pathways including the secretion of organic acids and extracellular enzymes,as well as the upregulation of host transporter gene expression.Under abiotic stresses such as drought,salinity,and heavy metal contamination,DSE enhances the stress resistance of the host plants through its inherent melanin deposition and osmotic regulation mechanisms,combined with multi-level collaborative effects such as morphological improvement,physiological and biochemical interactions,and molecular regulation.In terms of biological stress,DSE can inhibit pathogen invasion through various means such as competing for ecological niches,secreting antifungal metabolites,and inducing systemic resistance in plants.It also forms a functionally complementary symbiotic network with other rhizosphere microorganisms(such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria),jointly maintaining the micro-ecological balance of the rhizosphere.Furthermore,DSE is deeply involved in soil organic matter decomposition,nutrient cycling,and aggregate formation,thereby improving soil physicochemical properties.Through hyphal networks connecting different plant individuals,DSE also influences plant community composition,diversity,and succession dynamics.Finally,this article discusses current challenges and future prospects in fundamental research and practical applications of DSE.