双膜覆盖和咸水补灌对棉田土壤水盐分布及棉花产量的影响OA

To explore solutions to the increasingly severe soil salinization and seasonal water shortages in cotton fields of Southern Xinjiang.Taking drip irrigation under plastic mulch in the Aksu area of Southern Xinjiang as the research subject,a field experiment with a two-factor randomized block design was conducted,involving mulching methods and irrigation modes.The mulching methods included double-film mulching,thickened single-film mulching,and conventional single-film mulching.The irrigation modes consisted of 6 times of fresh water irrigation with an irrigation amount of 325 mm,6 times of fresh water plus 2 times of saltwater irrigation with an irrigation amount of 385 mm,and 8 times of fresh water irrigation with an irrigation amount of 385 mm.The study investigated the effects of double-film mulching and saltwater supplementary irrigation on soil water-salt transport,irrigation water use efficiency,and crop yield.The results showed that at the seedling stage,compared with the thickened single-film and conventional single-film mulching treatments,the double-film mulching treatment increased the average soil moisture content by 7.38%and 29.58%,and reduced the average soil electrical conductivity by 19.09%and 29.21%,respectively.At the bud stage,the double-film mulching treatment reduced the average soil electrical conductivity by 28.00%and 31.52%,respectively,compared to the thickened single-film and conventional single-film mulching treatments.At the flowering stage,the reductions were 23.77%and 31.05%,respectively,the saltwater irrigation treatment increased the average soil moisture content by 4.82%and 5.27%,respectively,compared to the 6 times of fresh water treatment,the average electrical conductivity increased by 9.76%and 13.90%,respectively,compared to the 6 times of fresh water treatment,and by 24.02%and 18.73%,respectively,compared to the 8 times of fresh water treatment.The cotton yield under the double-film mulching treatment increased by an average of 10.20%and 12.62%,respectively,compared to the thickened single-film and conventional single-film mulching treatments,while the economic benefits increased by 9.84%and 12.26%,respectively.Compared to the 6 times of fresh water treatment,the saltwater irrigation treatment increased cotton yield and economic benefits by 1.67%～14.99%and 1.20%～14.11%,respectively,but decreased them by an average of 4.00%and 4.01%,respectively,compared to the 8 times of fresh water treatment.In conclusion,under conditions of low temperature and high soil salinity during the seedling stage in Southern Xinjiang,double-film mulching can reduce surface soil salinity and promote cotton emergence,during periods of seasonal water scarcity,saltwater irrigation helps conserve soil moisture and stabilize yield.