脑肿瘤靶向治疗药物研究进展OA

Brain tumors,particularly highly malignant ones such as glioblastoma,have become a major challenge in contemporary medicine due to their extensive heterogeneity,invasiveness,and therapeutic resistance.This review systematically summarizes the latest research progress of targeted therapeutic drugs for brain tumors in recent years,covering multiple key targets including epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),isocitrate dehydrogenase(IDH),vascular endothelial growth factor receptor(VEGFR),and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)signaling pathway.The mechanisms of these targets in the occurrence and development of brain tumors,as well as the clinical application prospects of corresponding inhibitors are thoroughly discussed.Key challenges are highlighted,including drug delivery restricted by the blood-brain barrier,drug resistance caused by tumor heterogeneity,immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment,and the lack of real-world evidence.In addition,this review emphasizes the importance of multi-target combined therapy,optimized drug delivery systems,enhanced real-world studies,and the exploration of emerging technologies.In the future,with the continuous emergence of new technologies and the deepening of multidisciplinary collaboration,breakthroughs in precision therapy for brain tumors are expected to provide more effective and personalized treatment options,thereby significantly improving patient survival rates and quality of life.