海水电解中催化剂抗氯离子腐蚀性能研究进展OA

Seawater electrolysis is a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable approach for large-scale green hydrogen production that reduces reliance on freshwater resources.However,challenges such as anode corrosion,competitive chlorine evolution,and catalyst deactivation-primarily caused by the high chloride ion concentration(～0.5 mol/L)in seawater-substantially reduce electrolysis efficiency,shorten equipment lifetime,and limit industrial deployment.Existing studies have predominantly focused on classifying catalyst types or exploring isolated anticorrosion strategies,with limited comprehensive analysis of the dynamic mechanisms underlying chloride ion-induced degradation and insufficient attention to the integrative compatibility between catalyst design and the overall electrolysis system.This review examined the fundamental scientific challenges and thermodynamic competition in seawater electrolysis,with particular emphasis on the dual challenges of chloride ion corrosion and calcium-magnesium ion deposition.It further delineated three principal chloride ion-induced degradation pathways:active-site poisoning,lattice structure disruption,and metal corrosion coupled with dissolution.Based on the mechanisms and targets of chloride ion corrosion,an innovative anticorrosion catalyst design framework was proposed,including three categories:active regulation,passive defense,and holistic system adaptation.The anticorrosion mechanisms were systematically elucidated by integrating in situ characterization techniques with theoretical modeling.Finally,this review compared the performance of simulated and real seawater systems,outlines future directions for catalyst development,and provides a theoretical foundation and technical guidance for the targeted design and industrial application of seawater electrolysis catalysts.