滴鼻点眼发酵乳杆菌283细胞外囊泡与口服活菌对鸡肠道菌群影响的比较研究OA

In order to understand the effects of oral administration of Lactobacillus fermentum 283(Bac283)and intranasal and ocular administration of its extracellular vesicles(Evs283)on the gut microbiota of SPF chickens,the experiment randomly divided 18 SPF chickens,21 days old,into three groups(n=6 per group):Evs283 group,Bac283 group,and the blank control group.Over three consecutive days,the groups were treated with intranasal and ocular administration of 200 μL Evs283 per chicken,oral administration of 1 mL Bac283 live bacteria(1×108 cfu/mL)per chicken,and oral administration of 1 mL PBS per chicken,respectively.After one week,16S rDNA sequencing analysis of the gut microbiota was performed,including Alpha diversity and Beta diversity,microbial composition comparisons,and linear discriminant analysis effect size(LEfSe)analysis of biomarker bacteria.The results showed that the Simpson and Pielou_e indices in Evs283 group were significantly higher than those in the Bac283 group and the blank control group(P<0.05).Three groups showed a distinct separation trend in community structure.The relative abundances of Ruminococcaceae,Rikenellaceae,Gemmiger_A,Ruminococcus_B,and Eubacterium_R in the Evs283 group were significantly higher than those in the Bac283 group and the blank control group(P<0.05).Meanwhile,the relative abundances of Lactobacillaceae,Blautia_A,Lactobacillus,and Enterococcus in the Bac283 group were significantly higher than those in the Evs283 group and the blank control group(P<0.05).Lachnospirales,Mediterraneibacter_A,and Gemmiger_A as the signature taxa for the Evs283 group,while Acutalibacteraceae,Faecimonas,and Eubacteriales were the discriminative taxon for the Bac283 group.The control group was characterized by Oscillospirales,Oscillospiraceae,Ruminococcaceae,Faecousia,and Butyricicoccus_A,demonstrating distinct microbial signatures among the three groups.These results indicate that probiotic-derived Evs283 have greater potential than Bac283 in modulating the intestinal microbiota of chickens,particularly in enhancing the abundance of key probiotic species.