东北花猪(吉花系)RYR1、MC4R、VRTN基因多态性分析OA

In order to assess the genetic characteristics of Northeast Spotted pigs(Jihua breed)and provide a basis for scientific conservation and breeding,83 Northeast Spotted pigs(Jihua breed)were studied as research subjects.PCR-analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP)was used to analyze the polymorphisms of single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)loci in the RYR1,MC4R and VRTN genes related to meat quality and body development.Bioinformatics methods were applied to predict the mRNA secondary structure and protein secondary structure of wild-type and mutant types.SPSS software was used to analyze genotype and allele frequencies,as well as the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium of the population.The results showed that the frequency of allele n in the RYR1 gene was 0.222,with only NN(0.554)and Nn(0.446)genotypes detected.The mutation reduced the thermodynamic stability of the mRNA secondary structure,and the proportion of α-helices in the protein decreased from 22.73%to 13.64%.In the MC4R gene,the GA genotype had the highest frequency(0.554),with allele frequencies of 0.554 for A and 0.446 for G.The mutation had a minor effect on mRNA secondary structure stability,and the proportion of core elements in the protein secondary structure remained largely unchanged.For the VRTN gene,the frequencies of alleles A and B were 0.422 and 0.578,respectively,with genotype frequencies of 0.145 for AA,0.554 for AB,and 0.301 for BB.This locus was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(P>0.05).The mutation,which involved a 291 bp insertion,significantly increased the stability of the mRNA secondary structure and raised the proportion of α-helices in the protein from 47.06%to 79.49%.All other loci deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(P<0.05).It was suggested that the genetic breeding process of Northeast spotted pigs(Jihua breed)population should be combined with the molecular mechanism of MC4R,RYR1 and VRTN loci for targeted optimization.