富士苹果高接换头和丰产技术研究OA

In order to solve the industrial bottlenecks such as variety degradation,low yield,poor quality and decreased stress resistance in the 10-15-year-old Changfu 2 Fuji apple old orchards in Kalabula Town,Xinyuan County,Xinjiang,and to achieve the goals of renewal and transformation,quality improvement and efficiency increase of old orchards,this study took Qincui,Ruixue,Ruixianghong and Aifei as the core head-changing varieties,and systematically carried out integrated research on spring high-grafting head-changing technology,wind-breakage prevention and control technology and supporting high-yield technology.The results showed that:the average survival rate of high-grafting head-changing reached 92.6％-95.3％,among which the survival rates of Qincui and Ruixianghong were significantly higher than those of Ruixue and Aifei.The integrated wind-breakage prevention and control technology could control the wind-breakage rate of the grafting interface below 3.2％,which was 82.5％lower than that of conventional management.The orchard entered the high-yield period in the 3rd year after head-changing,the per mu yield was stable at 1 500-1 800 kg·(667 m2)-1,and the high-quality fruit rate increased to 75.8％-81.2％.Compared with the orchards under conventional management,the yield increased by 4.0％-22.0％,the economic benefit increased by 3 480-5 490 yuan·(667 m2)-1,and the input-output ratio have both increased.This technical system has been demonstrated and popularized in Kalabula Town and surrounding areas of Xinyuan County with remarkable practical effects.