沼液与化肥配施对玉米生长及土壤养分的影响OA

In order to promote the application of biogas slurry in standardized crop cultivation,an investigation was conducted on the combined application technology of biogas slurry and chemical fertilizer,this study explored the combined application technology of biogas slurry and chemical fertilizers to provide data support for the standardized crop planting technology with biogas slurry.The research set up a total of 2 control groups and 5 base fertilizer treatment,namely T0(non-fertilization control treatment),T1(40 kg·(666.67 m2)-1 chemical fertilizer control treatment),T2(30％biogas slurry+70％chemical fertilizer),T3(50％biogas slurry+50％chemical fertilizer),T4(70％biogas slurry+30％chemical fertilizer),T5(100％biogas slurry),and T6(200％biogas slurry).The T2-T6 treatments applied the same mass of biogas slurry as topdressing,the chemical fertilizer control treatment applies chemical fertilizers with equivalent nutrient components,and the non-fertilization control treatment does not apply any topdressing.The study found that the combined application of biogas slurry and chemical fertilizer had a significant impact on the stem diameter and leaf SPAD value of maize.The stem diameter of the T3 treatment treatment reached 2.89 cm(5.47％thicker than that of the chemical fertilizer control treatment),and the SPAD values of the T2-T4 treatments were all more than 10％higher than those of the chemical fertilizer control treatment,with no significant change in plant height.Compared with the chemical fertilizer control treatment,each treatment with biogas slurry replacing chemical fertilizer can significantly increased the number of double ears,reduce the number of empty stalks,lower the bald tip rate,and shorten the bald tip length,with the T3 treatment showing the best effect.In terms of yield,the 100-grain weight and yield of the T3 and T4 treatments were both higher than those of the chemical fertilizer control treatment.The T3 treatment had the highest yield of 784.5 kg·(667 m2)-1,increasing by 36.3 kg·(667 m2)-1 compared with the chemical fertilizer control treatment.In terms of soil nutrients,the appropriate combined application of biogas slurry and chemical fertilizer helped to maintain the stability of soil pH,alleviate acidification,reduced the risk of salinization,and increased the content of available nitrogen and organic matter.The economic analysis showed that the T3 treatment had the best comprehensive benefit with a reduction of investment and an increase of 207.6 yuan·(667 m2)-1.The study suggests adopting the method of combining 50％biogas fertilizer and 50％chemical fertilizer as base fertilizer and replacing all topdressing with biogas slurry,and the amount of biogas slurry should not exceed 11 t·(667 m2)-1 to achieve the synergistic optimization of maize growth,soil improvement,and economic benefits.