训练免疫:脓毒症防治的免疫调控新策略OA

Sepsis is a life-threatening syndrome triggered by infection,and characterized by a dysregulated host immune response.It remains a major challenge in critical care medicine with persistently high mortality rates.Traditional therapeutic strategies have focused mainly on anti-infection and organ support,offering limited interventions for the core pathological process of immune imbalance,leaving clinical efficacy in urgent need of breakthrough.In recent years,the concept of"trained immunity"and the ongoing elucidation of its molecular mechanisms have provided a novel theoretical foundation for the prevention and treatment of sepsis.Trained immunity refers to the ability of innate immune cells to develop enhanced or diminished secondary response capabilities after an initial stimulus,through metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic remodeling,thereby establishing a form of non-antigen-specific immune memory.This process may exert positive effects on sepsis management by enhancing host defense and improving pathogen clearance efficiency under certain conditions.This article systematically reviews the fundamental concepts and molecular mechanisms of trained immunity,with a focus on its role in the onset,progression,and outcome of sepsis.Furthermore,it explores novel therapeutic strategies based on the modulation of trained immunity,aiming to provide a theoretical basis and new perspectives for precise immunotherapy in sepsis.