不同局麻药佐剂在区域麻醉中的应用OA

Regional anesthesia achieves surgical analgesia by blocking nerve conduction.Due to its advantages such as minimal impact on the whole body and rapid postoperative recovery,it has become an important strategy in clinical anesthesia.However,traditional local anesthetics have problems such as short duration of action and easy toxicity reactions at high doses,which restrict their clinical application.Local anesthetic adjuvants enhance the anesthetic effect,prolong the duration of action,and reduce the dosage of local anesthetics,thereby reducing the risk of adverse reactions.However,there are still controversies regarding their safety,efficacy,and dosage.This article systematically reviews the relevant domestic and foreign literature in recent years,elaborating on the mechanisms of action,clinical effects,and adverse reactions of common adjuvants such as epinephrine,dexmedetomidine,and glucocorticoids.The literature review shows that different adjuvants exhibit significant synergistic effects in regional anesthesia.However,due to the lack of unified dosage recommendation standards,their clinical application still faces challenges such as significant individual differences and uncertain safety.Future research urgently needs to conduct more high-quality multi-center randomized controlled trials to clarify the optimal combination schemes of various adjuvants and actively explore the development of new adjuvants,aiming to improve the safety and efficacy of regional anesthesia and provide more precise guidance for clinical practice.