靶向肠道微生物组:干预乳腺癌发生发展的治疗策略OA

The gut microbiota,as a critical regulator of the body's metabolic and immune homeostasis,plays a key role in the occurrence,progression,and treatment response of breast cancer(BC).In recent years,an increasing number of studies have revealed that the gut microbiota influences tumor biology through multiple pathways,including the regulation of estrogen metabolism and immune responses.This article systematically reviews the key mechanisms through which the gut microbiota regulates estrogen metabolism,immune modulation,and drug resistance in breast cancer.The review also summarizes microbiota-based interventions and therapeutic strategies,such as dietary interventions,optimized antibiotic use,supplementation with probiotics and prebiotics,and fecal microbiota transplantation.Additionally,the potential applications of artificial intelligence and nanotechnology in microbiota analysis,precision drug delivery and microbiome modulation are discussed,providing new insights and technical support for the precise prevention and treatment of breast cancer.However,current research still faces challenges such as complex mechanisms of action,significant individual differences,and low efficiency in clinical translation.Future research should focus on the integration of multi-omics data,the construction of AI-driven predictive models,and the individualized precise reshaping of the microecology,aiming to provide a scientific basis for the establishment of an intelligent and individualized comprehensive prevention and treatment system for breast cancer.