大国竞争背景下的美国稀土供应链重塑OACHSSCD

Against the backdrop of intensifying strategic competition with China,the United States has elevated the establishment of a global rare earth supply chain that excludes China and is independently controllable to a national strategic level,driven by considerations of maintaining absolute military superiority over China,safeguarding its technological hegemony,and revitalizing the manufacturing sector to"Make America Great Again."To accelerate the establishment of a rare earth supply chain that is decoupled from China,the U.S.employs state power to strongly intervene in the development of the rare earth industry,vigorously promote the building of a domestic rare earth industry,and construct a supply chain network that is decoupled from China,based on bilateral cooperation and multilateral frameworks.In the long term,the U.S.policy of reshaping the rare earth supply chain may weaken China's deterrence and influence in its strategic competition with the United States,posing certain risks to the development of China's rare earth supply chain.The implementation of this policy will accelerate the"decoupling from China"process of the rare earth supply chain and will also have a series of significant impacts on geopolitics and geo-economics.The rare earth policies of both China and the United States have always been deeply shaped and influenced by the positioning of their bilateral strategic relationship.In the future,if the bilateral strategic relationship undergoes adjustments,it is possible that the two sides may restore a certain degree of pragmatic cooperation in areas such as resource development,technological exchange,and supply chain coordination.China should further commit to maintaining the stability of the global rare earth supply chain,promoting mutually beneficial cooperation in key mineral sectors like rare earths,and jointly building a new global framework for critical mineral cooperation that is fair,reasonable,and mutually beneficial.