极端气候影响下黄河中下游地区宜居水平时空变化OA

Assessing climate livability and analyzing the impacts of extreme climates on livability are critical for improving the human settlements in both urban and rural areas.Using the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River in China as the study area,this study maps the spatial distribution of climate livability based on climatic suitability factors and then simulates the impacts of extreme climates on livability using the MaxEnt model.The analysis utilizes daily observational data from 493 meteorological stations from 1990 to 2022.The main findings are as follows:(1)The multi-year average climate livability in the Yellow River was higher in the south and east and lower in the north and west.Over 33 years,livability trends were non-significantly upward in the northern middle reaches,but slightly significantly downward in the southern middle reaches and lower reaches.(2)Varia-tions in climate livability were driven by decreased summer humidity,high January temperatures,and increased suitable-temperature days in the northern middle reaches,as opposed to intensified summer warming and reduced sunshine suitability in winter in the southern middle reaches and lower reaches.(3)Extreme high and low temper-atures and extreme precipitation generally had moderate-to-high impacts on livability,with strong effects in the south and east and weaker effects in the north and west.Interannual variability was highest for extreme precipita-tion,followed by extreme low temperatures,and lowest for extreme high temperatures.(4)Compared to the northern middle reaches,the southern middle reaches and lower reaches were more affected by extreme climate due to the higher frequency of heatwave days,extreme precipitation amounts,and extreme precipitation days.The large discrepancies between frost days and cold days is the main reason why the climate livability of this area is highly affected by extreme climate.