材料缺陷工程调控表面等离激元共振生物传感性能的研究进展OA

Surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing technology has become an important tool for investigating molecular interactions and detecting biomarkers because of its advantages of real-time monitoring,label-free detection,and high throughput.However,significant challenges remain in detection of low-concentration targets,weak binding systems,and small molecules.In such cases,weak signal responses,insufficient interfacial specificity,and poor resistance to interference from complex matrices are frequently encountered.Two-dimensional(2D)materials,characterized by atomic-scale thickness,tunable electronic band structures,and large specific surface areas,provide promising platforms for optimizing SPR sensing interfaces.Nevertheless,the roles of defect structures in 2D materials,including vacancies,dopant sites,and grain boundaries,in modulating SPR signals and their structure-function relationships have not yet been systematically elucidated.This review focused on the application of defect engineering in 2D materials for SPR biosensing.The fundamental mechanisms through which defects regulated molecular adsorption,charge transfer,and SPR signal responses were systematically summarized,and their effects on sensing sensitivity,detection limits,response kinetics,and stability were analyzed.Using typical targets such as nucleic acids,antigens and antibodies,ions,and small molecules as examples,recent advances in the use of defect engineering for ultrasensitive SPR detection,enhanced anti-interference capability,and complex sample analysis were reviewed.In addition,the scientific significance of defect engineering in overcoming the limitations of conventional refractive index dominated SPR for small molecule detection was discussed.Finally,key challenges such as precise defect construction and interfacial stability were addressed,and future perspectives for the development of highly reliable,multi-parameter integrated,and scalable SPR sensing systems were proposed.