基于纳米针阵列的活细胞生物标志物检测与分析研究进展OA

Traditional live-cell molecular detection techniques are often impeded by the challenges such as molecular perturbation and probe-induced toxicity.Leveraging their superior biocompatibility,nanomaterials offer a novel paradigm for live-cell interrogation.This review focused on nanoneedle arrays,systematically outlining their principles,applications,and prospects for biomarker analysis.Material compositions,morphological features,and surface functionalization strategies of these arrays were elucidated in detail,alongside the mechanisms governing molecular capture and signal transduction.Specifically,the capability of nanoneedle arrays for in situ detection of RNA,proteins,and metabolites were critically evaluated.Furthermore,the technology's advantages in spatiotemporal analysis were highlighted and the hurdles facing clinical translation were dissected.Ultimately,this paper aimed to establish a robust methodological foundation for deciphering single-cell heterogeneity,exploring disease mechanisms,and elucidating drug-response profiles.