反向作用力:科技人才集聚重塑区域创新生态的效应与机制研究OA

Against the background of intensified technological competition and innovation-driven development,scientific and technological talents have become key agents in the evolution of regional innovation ecosystems.Existing studies often follow a one-way logic in which innova-tion ecosystems attract talents and talents promote innovation outputs,but rarely examine how talent agglomeration feeds back into and reshapes the ecosystem itself.To fill this gap,this paper builds a"structure-function-institution"framework and uses panel data from 30 Chinese prov-inces from 2013 to 2023.It constructs a composite index of regional innovation ecosystem by combining static elements,including innovation subjects,resources,and environment,with dy-namic relational dimensions,including network density,clustering,core resource agglomeration,bridging function,and niche openness.The location quotient of R&D personnel is used to mea-sure talent agglomeration.Two-way fixed effects,mediation effects,instrumental-variable esti-mation,system GMM,and panel threshold models are employed to examine the direct effect,mechanisms,heterogeneity,and nonlinear boundaries.The results show that:①Talent agglom-eration significantly promotes the reshaping of regional innovation ecosystems.This finding re-mains robust after excluding municipalities and the COVID-19 period,replacing key variable measurements,controlling for concurrent regional innovation policies,conducting placebo tests,and addressing endogeneity.②Talent agglomeration works through three channels.Structurally,it strengthens industry-university-research cooperation and turns fragmented interactions into networked collaboration.Functionally,it improves knowledge diversity,broadens knowledge boundaries,and promotes cross-field knowledge recombination.Institutionally,it guides local governments to allocate more attention to science,technology,and talent issues,thereby improv-ing policy support and institutional supply.③The effect is more of a"timely help"than an"ic-ing on the cake"effect.It is stronger in central and western provinces,provinces with lower ini-tial innovation levels,and provinces with lower marketization levels,indicating higher marginal returns in catching-up regions.④The threshold analysis reveals a double-threshold feature and a"platform-peak-platform"pattern.When talent agglomeration is below 1.382,the reshaping ef-fect is not effectively activated;when it lies between 1.382 and 1.500,the positive effect be-comes significant;when it exceeds 1.500,congestion,rising costs,and resource mismatch may weaken the marginal contribution.This study confirms that scientific and technological talents are not merely innovation inputs,but endogenous forces capable of reshaping regional innovation ecosystems.It shifts the focus from"ecosystems attracting talents"to"talents reshaping ecosys-tems"and provides evidence for building a dynamic talent-ecosystem feedback loop.Policy makers should adopt differentiated strategies:catching-up regions should improve collaboration networks,knowledge integration,and institutional responsiveness,while leading regions should reduce congestion,strengthen cross-regional spillovers,and improve the quality of talent alloca-tion.