吉林市3种不同类型城市公园春季鸟类群落结构OA

To identify key environmental factors influencing bird diversity and evenness,this study surveyed bird community structure and vegetation characteristics using the line transect method in three representative urban parks of Jilin City:Jiangnan Park,Longtan Mountain Park,and Zhuque Mountain National Forest Park.The results revealed significant differences in both the composition of spring bird communities and the dominant spe-cies among the different types of urban parks.Specifically,there was a notable trend from a comprehensive park to an urban forest park,and finally to a near-natural national forest park,with bird species richness,diversity index,and evenness index all exhibiting significant increases.Correspondingly,the dominant species transitioned gradually from synanthropic species(e.g.,Passer montanus)to forest-dependent species(e.g.,Parus major).A significant positive correlation was found between the Shannon-Wiener diversity index of the spring bird community and the abundance of large trees within quadrats(P=0.001),with bird community diversity increasing as the abundance of large trees increased.Likewise,a significant positive correlation was found between the Pielou evenness index and shrub abundance in quadrats(P=0.034),with the bird community evenness rising as shrub abundance increased.We conclude that the optimization of vegetation structure and the reduction of human disturbance are critical strategies for conserving and enhancing bird diversity in urban landscapes.