国内外蓝莓真菌性病害为害特征及其病原菌种类研究进展OA

Blueberries(Vaccinium spp.)are widely cultivated worldwide for their high economic and nutritional value.However,fungal diseases constitute a major biotic constraint limiting the development of the blueberry industry.To date,more than 20 fungal diseases have been reported on blueberry,caus-ing substantial economic losses.This review systematically summarizes the pathogen species,geo-graphic distribution,typical symptoms,and damage severity of major fungal diseases affecting blue-berry production.The principal diseases discussed include stem blight,canker,root rot,leaf spot,anthracnose,powdery mildew,gray mould,and fruit rot.Previous studies have shown that severe out-breaks of these diseases may result in yield losses ranging from 20%to 85%.Pathogenic fungi associ-ated with blueberry exhibit high diversity,encompassing over 150 species from more than 20 genera,including Diaporthe,Fusarium,Neofusicoccum,Pestalotiopsis,Phytophthora,Colletotrichum,and Alternaria.In addition,the main transmission routes of these pathogens are summarized.Based on cur-rent knowledge,integrated disease management strategies are proposed,including cultural practices,chemical control,and biological control.Furthermore,the current shortcomings in research on blue-berry fungal diseases are clarified,particularly in aspects of etiology,disease epidemiology,and resis-tance breeding.Future work should focus on strengthening studies on pathogen biology,epidemic dynamics,breeding of high-yield,high-quality,and disease-resistant cultivars,and promoting green con-trol technologies centered on agricultural and biological measures.Overall,this review provides both strong theoretical support and targeted practical guidance for the healthy development of the blueberry industry in China.