基于专利数据的数字孪生水利技术现状与布局研究OA

This paper utilized the official public patent database as the primary data source to systematically investigate the innovation trend and patent landscape of digital twin technology in water conservancy.A total of 520 valid patents filed between 2021 and 2025 were screened to conduct a multi-dimensional quantitative analysis from the perspectives of application trends,applicant structures,international patent classification(IPC),core technological branches,technological development bottlenecks,and future innovation directions.The results reveal a two-stage growth pattern in patent applications of digital twin water conservancy.Specifically,the period from 2021 to 2023 constitutes the initial stage,with a total of 116 applications.Then,there is a stage of rapid expansion from 2024 to 2025,yielding 404 applications in total,among which 269 applications were filed in 2025.Technology enterprises emerge as the predominant applicants,with design institutes,research institutions,universities,and local water conservancy entities collaboratively establishing an innovation chain.Technological distribution is concentrated across the following five major branches:data processing(35.8%),water conservancy project applications(23.3%),3D modeling(18.8%),intelligent dispatching(12.9%),and artificial intelligence(AI)integration(9.2%).Combined with representative patented technologies,this study analyzed the technical implementation pathways and synthesized five core technologies,including data fusion,BIM+GIS visualization,safety monitoring,intelligent dispatching,and AI-driven prediction.At present,digital twin water conservancy still has bottlenecks such as insufficient independence of underlying algorithms,absence of data standards,poor model universality,and immaturity of closed-loop control mechanisms.In the future,it is necessary to focus on independent development of foundational technologies,standardization of data governance,lightweight models,intelligent decision-making,and lifecycle collaborative innovation.Systematic technical support can be provided for the construction of smart water conservancy and the high-quality development of water conservancy.