心理痛苦和自身优势的变化与中学生内外化问题的关系:基于机器学习的证据OA

Objective:This study applied latent transition analysis combined with machine learning algorithms to exam-ine the critical roles of psychological pain and positive youth development(PYD)in the development of internalizing and ex-ternalizing problems among adolescents,providing evidence for proximal intervention targets.Methods:A total of 984 middle school students(Mage=12.12±0.77)completed two surveys of 12 scales with a 6-month interval.Machine learning methods(Lasso regression,Ridge regression,and Random Forest)were employed to construct identification models for inter-nalizing and externalizing problems and to identify key features in the optimal model.Latent transition analysis was then used to investigate changes in the co-occurrent profiles of psychological pain and PYD and their effects on internalizing and externalizing problems.Results:(1)In the feature importance of the optimal identification model,pain arousal ranked first among risk factors,and connection ranked first among protective factors;the importance of pain arousal exceeded that of connection.(2)Three co-occurrent profiles of psychological pain and PYD were identified:high pain-high risk(11.2％at T1;13.9％at T2),high PYD-low risk(45.3％at T1;43.7％at T2),and moderate risk with low pain and low PYD(43.5％at T1;42.4％at T2).(3)Adolescents experiencing academic crisis events were more likely to transition from the high PYD group to the high pain group(OR=25.11),while those experiencing interpersonal crisis events were less likely to transition from the high pain group to the high PYD group(OR＜0.001).Conclusion:The prevention and intervention of adolescent in-ternalizing and externalizing problems should address both the enhancement of protective factors and the reduction of risk factors.Emphasis should be placed on promoting adolescents' connections with peers and significant adults,as well as strengthening their capacity to effectively regulate negative emotions.