普通小麦-秦岭黑麦异源双二倍体的创制OA

[Objective]As a tertiary gene bank of wheat,rye contains numerous excellent traits and is one of the most successful related spe-cies in wheat genetic improvement.The synthesis of amphidiploids by crossing rye with common wheat is an important bridge for transferring and utilizing the excellent traits of rye.The purpose of the study is to synthesize novel wheat-Qinling rye allopolyploids and explore the genetic stability of their progeny,with a view to laying a foundation for polyploid breeding and chromosome engineering research.[Method]Qinling rye was respectively crossed with the common wheat varieties Chuanmai 42 and Avocet.Then colchicine was used to induce chromosomes of F1 plants doubling for obtaining common wheat-Qinling rye amphidiploids.Statistical analysis was conducted on the fertility of the S1 and S2 generations,and cytological analysis was performed using non-denaturing fluorescence in situ hybridization(ND-FISH)technique.[Result]The study successfully created amphidiploids from hybrid combination Avocet-Qinling rye and ChuanMai 42-Qinling rye.It was found that the seed setting rate of S2 generation derived from Avocet/Qinling rye hybrid combination ranged from 0 to 59.60％,and the mean rate of seed setting was enhanced from 4.61％of the S1 generation to 32.09％of the S2 generation.In Chuanmai 42/Qinling rye hybrid combination,the seed setting rate of the S1 generation was 2.04％,while only one plant was fertile in the S2 generation and the seed setting rate was 1.43％.The cytological analysis revealed that aneuploidies were present in both the S1 and S2 generations,and the frequency of aneuploidies in the S2 generation was higher.The main manifestations of aneuploidies included chromosome deletion,breakage,gain and unknown chromosomes de-rived from recombination.[Conclusion]The two newly synthetic wheat-Qinling rye amphidiploids with different wheat genetic backgrounds in this study will provide new germplasms for the transfer and utilization of Qinling rye excellent genes.