从地缘政治到外空政治:概念拓展与理论重构OACHSSCD

Against the backdrop of accelerating breakthroughs in space technology and the continuous expansion of outer space activities,outer space is transforming from a technical support domain of traditional national strategies into a critical political arena for power competition,rule contestation,and order formation.Geopolitical theory,which takes terrestrial space as its primary analytical focus,rests on foundational assumptions regarding spatial attributes,forms of power,and institutional genesis that are increasingly inadequate for explaining the multi-layered spatial structures,systemic modes of power operation,and competitive processes of institutional construction manifested in outer space politics.Addressing this theoretical tension,this article offers a systematic conceptual and mechanistic definition of"outer space politics"and demonstrates its irreducibility in terms of spatial logic,power foundations,and order-generating mechanisms.On this basis,it develops a comprehensive analytical framework centered on three core dimensions—spatial attributes,technological structures,and institutional environments—revealing the intrinsic mechanisms through which these dimensions are mutually embedded,dynamically coupled,and jointly shape power structures in outer space politics.The study finds that power in outer space is no longer primarily expressed through direct control over physical space,but increasingly through structural advantages in technological systems,operational networks,and rule-making processes;likewise,outer space order is not a linear extension of existing rules,but a dynamic outcome continuously generated through technological practices and interactions among multiple actors.