小流域尺度下水生态系统导向的城市产业空间布局优化研究OA

This study investigates the dual role of urban water ecological systems in both promoting and constraining industrial spatial layout,with the aim of translating these bidirectional effects into differentiated zoning and policy guidance at the county level.As a typical resource-based city in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River,Huayuan County in China serves as the case study for this research.The study adopts micro-watersheds rather than administrative units as the fundamental spatial management units.This approach better captures the coupling mechanisms between hydrological processes,water-related ecological risks,and the distribution of industrial activities.A comprehensive evaluation framework is developed to characterize water ecology from a"Quality-Limitation"(Q-L)perspective.The"Quality"dimension incorporates indicators such as water conservation capacity,water resource availability,and water-related landscape conditions to assess the supportive and attractive functions of the water ecosystem.The"Limitation"dimension includes indicators related to flood and erosion risks,water-environment sensitivity,and human disturbance,reflecting ecological risks and environmental carrying-capacity constraints.Structured with reference to the DPSIR(Drivers-Pressures-State-Impacts-Responses)framework,the indicator system is weighted using the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)combined with consistency validation.Multi-source datasets including DEM,land use,soil,vegetation cover,rainfall,hydrological networks,mine and tailings distribution,night-time light,and enterprise information are integrated and standardized to construct Q and L indices for each micro-watershed.Using the D8 algorithm and officially delineated catchment boundaries,106 micro-watershed units are identified across Huayuan County.The Q and L indices for each unit are calculated and classified into three levels(high,medium,low)via the Jenks natural breaks method.By overlaying the Q and L classifications,nine initial combinations are derived and consolidated into five industrial regulation zones:high-quality-high-limitation,medium-quality-high-limitation,low-quality-high-limitation,high-quality-low-limitation,and low-quality-low-limitation.These five zones cover 64%of the county and reveal a notable spatial mismatch between water ecological conditions and existing industrial patterns:high-pollution industries are predominantly located in ecologically fragile areas,whereas zones with high water ecological quality host relatively few high-value industries.Spatial analysis indicates that areas with strong water conservation capacity and abundant water resources are mainly distributed around Zixia Lake and along the Huayuan and Gumiao Rivers,offering favorable conditions for agriculture and eco-compatible services,though some face severe soil erosion and pollution pressures.High-limitation zones in mining areas and river confluences are exposed to overlapping risks of flooding,erosion,and heavy-metal contamination,increasing environmental uncertainty and potential economic losses.In contrast,the high-quality and low-limitation zone,which covers only about 1%of the county and is concentrated near the new airport and upper Zixia Lake,exerts the strongest attraction for green manufacturing and modern service industries.Based on these findings,the study proposes a tiered optimization strategy summarized as"Adapt Primary Industry,Cluster Secondary Industry,Explore Tertiary Industry."Primary industries such as agriculture and animal husbandry are encouraged to remain in or shift to micro-watersheds with favorable water resources and low ecological sensitivity,along with stricter controls on fertilizer and pesticide use,promotion of water-saving irrigation,and improved management of non-point source pollution.Secondary industries,especially mining and heavy manufacturing,are guided to gradually withdraw from high-risk and high-sensitivity watersheds and cluster in designated industrial parks that feature moderate ecological conditions along with enhanced treatment and monitoring capacity.Cleaner manufacturing and food processing sectors are directed to high-quality and low-limitation zones,subject to stringent standards for water-use efficiency and wastewater discharge.For tertiary industries,emphasis is placed on developing ecotourism and related services in watersheds characterized by high-quality water landscapes,such as wetlands,gorges,and reservoir shorelines,supported by clear thresholds for sewage treatment,solid waste management,and tourist carrying capacity.Furthermore,the study discusses how Q-L-based micro-watershed zoning can be integrated into Huayuan County's territorial spatial planning system.Micro-watershed units are proposed as intermediary control layers that complement the"Ecological Conservation Red Line-Permanent Basic Farmland-Urban Development Boundary"framework.They provide ecological constraints for industrial siting in the county master plan and offer a spatial basis for refining functional zoning and access standards in special ecological plans.A water-ecology-oriented industrial access"blacklist"linked to micro-watershed categories is also recommended to restrict high-pollution,high-water-consumption industries in ecologically fragile areas and facilitate the relocation and upgrading of existing enterprises.In summary,this research develops a micro-watershed-scale evaluation and zoning framework that integrates the dual promoting and constraining effects of water ecosystems on industrial spatial layout.Applied to a resource-based county in the Yangtze River Basin,it offers a scientific basis for industrial restructuring and spatial guidance under ecological constraints,and provides methodological and practical insights for other watershed regions facing similar challenges of industrial transformation and water ecological security.