基于生态系统健康与安全格局耦合协调的煤炭资源枯竭型城市生态修复分区策略研究OA

Background and objective:Since the Industrial Revolution,resource-based cities have developed rapidly,but with the gradual depletion of natural resources,these urban areas uniformly face compounding crises,including severe industrial decline,environmental pollution,widespread land destruction,and the critical loss of ecosystem service functions.Coal resource-depleted cities,in particular,suffer from massive mining subsidence areas,groundwater drainage zones,and the accumulation of coal gangue due to long-term underground mining and surface stripping operations.These extreme mining interferences severely disrupt the integrity and stability of regional ecosystems,acting as a major constraint on sustainable urban transformation.Traditional ecological restoration research often evaluates ecosystem health and ecological security patterns in isolation,which fails to comprehensively reveal the authentic mechanisms behind the synergistic degradation of ecosystem structure and function.Furthermore,conventional evaluation methods based primarily on land-use types struggle to accurately interpret the complex ecological processes dictated by unique negative ecological sources,such as abandoned lands,subsidence pits,and polluted zones.To address these scientific gaps,this study takes Xinqiu District in Fuxin City,a typical coal resource-depleted city,as a case study to explore a targeted spatial response mechanism.The primary objective is to construct an integrated planning pathway that combines functional diagnosis with structural reconstruction through a dual-dimensional quantitative coupling of ecosystem health and safety patterns.This approach aims to shift the ecological governance paradigm in mining areas from passive,point-based treatment of fragmented patches to active,network-based reconstruction of regional ecological connectivity.Methodology The research framework is built upon the foundational logic that"structure dictates function,and function maintains structure".The methodology is systematically divided into functional diagnosis,structural reconstruction,and spatial coupling decision-making.For functional diagnosis(assessing vertical ecological processes),the study introduces and modifies the VORS(Vigor,Organization,Resilience,Services)model to suit the characteristics of resource-depleted cities.The evaluation framework consists of 12 specific indicators,distinctively incorporating geological disaster sensitivity and topographic position indices to reflect the unique geo-sensitive attributes of mining areas,alongside traditional metrics like Net Primary Productivity(NPP)and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI).An AHP-Entropy combined weighting model was utilized to balance subjective expert knowledge and objective data variation.For structural reconstruction(assessing horizontal ecological processes),the study integrates the Minimum Cumulative Resistance(MCR)model with Circuit Theory.A significant innovation is the construction of a modified ecological resistance surface that specifically includes mining interference factors,such as the distance to mine pits/gangue hills,soil heavy metal pollution risk indices,and nighttime light data to represent human activity intensity.This enabled the accurate identification of ecological sources,the simulation of potential corridors,and the precise localization of ecological"pinch points"and"barrier points"under severe mining disruptions.Finally,a two-dimensional"Health-Security"coupling matrix was established by spatially superimposing the ecosystem health evaluation results onto the ecological security pattern.Results The comprehensive Ecosystem Health Index(EHI)of Xinqiu District exhibits significant spatial differentiation.The northern plains and southern mountainous regions demonstrate healthy or natural states,whereas the central east-west mining axis and urban areas suffer from extreme"disease"or"unhealthy"conditions.The structural analysis identified 30 ecological sources(accounting for 25.6%of the total area),predominantly located in the southern and northern extremities,leaving a massive"ecological void"in the central mining zone.While over 30 key ecological corridors were extracted,North-South ecological flows are severely obstructed by the central mining operations,forcing potential corridors to break or detour.Circuit theory computations further identified nine ecological pinch points and nine barrier points.The coupling analysis revealed two prominent spatial relationships:a"synergistic matching"in the southern mountains where ecological sources align perfectly with high-health areas,and a critical"conflict mismatch"in the central zone.Notably,all identified ecological barrier points precisely overlap with areas exhibiting the poorest ecological health,confirming that extreme functional degradation is the root cause of spatial resistance to ecological flows.Moreover,vital corridors are forced to traverse these diseased zones,meaning network connectivity cannot be achieved without foundational environmental remediation.Conclusions Based on the coupling matrix and guided by landscape immunology principles,the entire district was meticulously divided into four ecological restoration functional zones,each matched with differentiated,gradient-based intervention strategies.The Ecological Conservation Zone(healthy sources and pinch points)requires strict rigid protection and long-term dynamic monitoring.The Ecological Recovery Zone(sub-healthy areas)relies on nature-based solutions and auxiliary restoration to promote positive natural succession.The Ecological Restoration Zone focuses on repairing structural connectivity and alleviating resistance,particularly along urban and aquatic corridors.Most critically,the Ecological Reshaping Zone(where barrier points overlay diseased mining pits)requires intense external engineering interventions—such as pit backfilling,geological hazard elimination,and soil matrix improvement—to break the negative lock-in of structural fragmentation and functional loss.This research mathematically proves that geological and structural damage,rather than mere vegetation loss,drives ecological degradation in such cities,providing a highly operable spatial decision-making paradigm for the resilient transformation of similar resource-exhausted regions globally.