低血糖生成指数膳食联合抗阻运动在妊娠期糖尿病病人中的应用OA
Application of low glycemic index diet combined with resistance exercise in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus
目的:探讨低血糖生成指数(GI)膳食联合抗阻运动在妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)病人中的应用效果.方法:选取2024年6月—12月在河西学院附属张掖人民医院产前检查并分娩的GDM病人为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将病人分为观察组与对照组,对照组接受常规生活方式管理,观察组在常规生活方式管理基础上实施低 GI膳食联合抗阻运动.对病人的糖脂代谢指标[空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、餐后 2 h血糖(2 hPG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)]、脂肪因子[瘦素(LEP)、脂联素(ADPN)、可溶性瘦素受体(sLR)、LEP/ADPN(L/A)]及分娩结局[妊娠期高血压、胎膜早破、剖宫产、早产、产后2 h累计失血量、巨大儿、胎儿宫内窘迫、新生儿窒息、新生儿低血糖、1 min Apgar评分]进行监测.结果:最终观察组 46 例病人完成干预,对照组 45 例病人完成干预.干预后观察组 FBG、2 hPG、HbA1c、TC、TG、LEP、L/A、FINS、HOMA-IR均低于干预前及同期对照组,ADPN、sLR均高于干预前及同期对照组,剖宫产、巨大儿、新生儿窒息等事件发生率均低于对照组,产后2 h累计失血量少于对照组,1 min Apgar评分高于对照组(均P<0.05).结论:低GI膳食联合抗阻运动可通过提升胰岛素敏感性、优化糖脂代谢指标、调节脂肪因子网络平衡,改善GDM病人代谢状态.
Objective:To explore the application effects of a low glycemic index(GI)diet combined with resistance exercise in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods:GDM patients who underwent prenatal check-ups and delivered at Zhangye People's Hospital Affiliated to Hexi University were selected as the research subjects from June to December 2024.The patients were divided into observation group and control group using random number table.The control group received conventional lifestyle management,while the observation group was received low glycemic index diet diet combined with resistance exercise based on conventional lifestyle management.Indicators monitored included glycemic and lipid metabolism parameters[fasting blood glucose(FBG),glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c),total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),2-hour postprandial blood glucose(2 hPG),fasting insulin(FINS),homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)],adipokines[leptin(LEP),adiponectin(ADPN),soluble leptin receptor(sLR),LEP/ADPN(L/A)],and delivery outcomes(gestational hypertensive disorders,premature rupture of membranes,cesarean section,preterm birth,cumulative blood loss at 2 hours postpartum,macrosomia,fetal distress,neonatal asphyxia,neonatal hypoglycemia,1-minute Apgar score).Results:A total of 46 patients in the observation group and 45 patients in the control group completed the intervention.After the intervention,the observation group showed lower levels of FBG,2 hPG,HbA1c,TC,TG,LEP,L/A,FINS,and HOMA-IR compared to both pre-intervention levels and the control group during the same period.The ADPN and sLR levels of observation group were higher than pre-intervention levels and those of the control group.The incidence rates of events such as cesarean section,macrosomia,and neonatal asphyxia of observation group were all lower than those in the control group.The cumulative blood loss at 2 hours postpartum of observation group was less than that in the control group.The 1-minute Apgar score of observation group was higher than that in the control group(all P<0.05).Conclusions:The combination of low glycemic index diet and resistance exercise can improve insulin sensitivity,optimize glycemic and lipid metabolism indicators,and regulate the balance of the adipokine network to ameliorate the metabolic status of GDM patients.
杨淑珍;王莉;陈冬梅;黄蜜;王晓燕;孔婷
河西学院,甘肃 734000河西学院附属张掖人民医院甘肃省张掖市甘州区人民医院河西学院,甘肃 734000河西学院,甘肃 734000甘肃省张掖市第二人民医院
妊娠糖尿病低血糖指数饮食抗阻训练胰岛素抵抗糖代谢脂代谢脂肪因子
gestational diabetes mellituslow-glycemic indexdietresistance traininginsulin resistanceglucose metabolismlipid metabolismadipokines
《护理研究》 2026 (10)
1750-1755,6
甘肃省科技厅自然科学基金项目,编号:25JRRG002甘肃省大学生创新创业训练计划项目,编号:S202210740032
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