特朗普政府削减联邦科研经费对美影响及有关思考OACHSSCD

In 2025,the Trump administration's cuts to federal research funding in the United States drew widespread international attention.This study finds that the reductions were confined to the indirect costs portion of federal research funding.This article systematically reviews the historical evolution and current operational mechanisms of the U.S.system for research indirect costs.Based on this review,it focuses on analyzing the policy logic and decision-making rationale behind the Trump administration's cuts to indirect costs.Furthermore,by examining the points of controversy during policy implementation and societal responses,the study provides an in-depth assessment of the multidimensional impacts of this policy on the research ecosystem of U.S.universities,talent cultivation,business operations,and future research competitiveness.Finally,it explores the implications and recommendations for China,aiming to provide references for decision-making in science and technology management.