茄果类蔬菜离盘式全自动嫁接机设计与试验OA

Aiming to address issues such as low efficiency,high costs,and the lack of grafting equipment meeting domestic production requirements in the market,a fully automatic seedling-off-tray grafting machine was designed.It can automatically complete operations,including seedling loading,scion pre-cutting,seedling clamping,simultaneous multi-seedling cutting,scion alignment and clamping,and seedling replanting.The structure and working principle of the grafting machine were detailed,with key mechanisms and operational parameters designed for seedling loading,transportation,pre-cutting,clamping,cutting,and clamp application.To determine optimal parameters and enhance grafting success rates,tomato,peppers,and eggplants as test subjects.The factors selected for investigation were the height of the rootstock after pre-cutting,the descent height of the scion during alignment,the height of the scion,and the descent speed of the scion during alignment.Grafting success rate served as the evaluation metric.A four-factor,three-level response surface experiment was conducted,revealing that the descent height and descent speed of the scion during alignment were significant factors affecting grafting success rate.Design-Expert 13 software was employed for variance analysis,response surface analysis,parameter optimization,and experimental validation to obtain the optimal parameter combination.Experimental results indicated that when the pre-cut rootstock height was 70～80 mm,scion descent height was 75 mm,scion height was 140～160 mm,and scion descent speed was 0.2 m/s,the average grafting success rate reached 94.6％with an average grafting efficiency of 1 110 plants per hour,meeting the demands for large-scale grafting operations of solanaceous vegetable seedlings.