露天煤矿高陡岩质边坡地质结构综合解译与失稳机制分析OA
Comprehensive interpretation of geological structure and analysis of instability mechanism for high-steep rocky slopes in open-pit coal mines
露天煤矿高陡岩质边坡的地质结构信息是矿山灾害风险识别与边坡稳定性分析的核心要素.针对传统地质结构调查分析中存在的结构信息不全、采集效率低、作业不可达等问题,目前的相关工作难以全面揭示坡体内部复杂的地质结构特征.为此,以内蒙古六保露天煤矿高陡岩质边坡为研究对象,构建了一种融合地质结构综合探测、非接触式岩体参数获取、边坡稳定性计算与失稳模式分析的综合分析框架,旨在实现露天矿山环境下高陡岩质边坡稳定性风险的精细识别与定量化评价.首先结合钻探与高密度电法推断坡体内部的岩性组合、断裂构造及采空区分布等地质结构特征;其次运用无人机摄影技术与窗口法解译并统计节理裂隙参数,结合地质强度指标(GSI)与 Hoek-Brown 强度准则,推算不同岩性区域的岩体参数;最后开展高陡边坡稳定性评估与失稳机制分析,揭示了六保露天煤矿西帮边坡失稳演化的 2 类典型模式:一类是受节理裂隙扩展控制的拉裂型失稳机制,另一类是受采空扰动诱发的贯通式滑移机制.同时,运用 FLAC3D 数值模拟方法,验证了 2 类典型失稳模式的潜在发育过程,实现了不良地质条件下高陡边坡内部地质结构与失稳机制的分析,为露天煤矿边坡结构信息获取与稳定性评估提供了可靠的技术支撑.
The geological structure information of high-steep rocky slopes in open-pit coal mines constitutes a core element for mine disaster risk identification and slope stability analysis.In view of the problems existing in traditional geological structure investiga-tion and analysis,such as incomplete structural information,low collection efficiency,and inaccessible operation areas,the current relevant work is difficult to fully reveal the complex geological structural characteristics inside the slope.To address these issues,this study takes the high-steep rocky slope of Liubao Open-pit Coal Mine in Inner Mongolia as the research object and establishes an in-tegrated analysis framework that combines comprehensive geological structure detection,non-contact rock mass parameter acquisi-tion,slope stability calculation,and failure mode analysis.The framework is designed to achieve refined identification and quantitat-ive evaluation of stability risks for high-steep rocky slopes under open-pit mining conditions.First,drilling and high-density electric-al resistivity tomography(ERT)methods were combined to infer the internal geological structure characteristics of the slope,includ-ing lithological assemblages,fracture structures,and goaf distributions.Second,unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)photogrammetry and the window sampling method were applied to interpret and count joint and fracture parameters;based on the geological strength index(GSI)and the Hoek-Brown strength criterion,rock mass parameters for different lithological zones were derived.Finally,slope stability assessment and failure mechanism analysis were carried out,revealing two typical instability evolution modes of the west slope in Liubao Open-pit Coal Mine:one is the tensile failure mechanism controlled by joint-fracture propagation,and the other is the through-sliding mechanism induced by goaf disturbance.Meanwhile,FLAC3D numerical simulation method was employed to verify the potential development processes of these two typical failure modes.This study realizes the analysis of internal geological structures and instability mechanisms of high-steep slopes under poor geological conditions,providing reliable technical support for geological structure information acquisition and stability evaluation of slopes in open-pit coal mines.
才鹏;冯彪;马旭文;王磊;梁硕;王睿;占洁伟
内蒙古第二水文地质工程地质勘查有限责任公司,内蒙古 鄂尔多斯 017000中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司,四川 成都 610072||长安大学 地质工程与测绘学院,陕西 西安 710054内蒙古第二水文地质工程地质勘查有限责任公司,内蒙古 鄂尔多斯 017000内蒙古第二水文地质工程地质勘查有限责任公司,内蒙古 鄂尔多斯 017000内蒙古第二水文地质工程地质勘查有限责任公司,内蒙古 鄂尔多斯 017000长安大学 地质工程与测绘学院,陕西 西安 710054长安大学 地质工程与测绘学院,陕西 西安 710054
矿业与冶金
高陡岩质边坡地质结构综合探测技术地质强度指标边坡稳定性
high-steep rocky slopesgeological structurecomprehensive detection technologygeological strength index(GSI)slope stability
《煤矿安全》 2026 (4)
121-132,12
国家自然科学基金资助项目(42007269)内蒙古地质矿产集团有限公司重点科技研发资助项目(DK2DYF-202509)
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