修剪深度与施肥模式对赣茶3号生长特性、机采效果及茶叶品质的影响OA

[Objective]To address the constraints of labor shortages and rising production costs on the development of the high-quality tea industry,this study focuses on Camellia sinensis cv.Gancha 3 to explore key canopy management techniques for mechanical harvesting.The goal is to provide a theoretical basis for mechanized harvesting and improving the quality of summer and autumn tea in Jiangxi Province.[Method]Field observations,physicochemical analysis,and sensory evaluation were conducted to systematically evaluate the effects of pruning depths and fertilization regimes on the growth characteristics,mechanized harvesting efficiency,physicochemical of fresh leaves,and sensory attributes of finished tea.[Result](1)Under the regime of deep pruning after spring tea and light pruning after autumn tea,the bud density of autumn tea increased significantly by 17.39%compared with the control,and the hundred-bud weight of one bud with two leaves increased by 20.00%.This treatment also achieved the highest harvesting efficiency among all pruning treatments,with(75.04±1.99)%in summer tea and(72.53±6.98)%in autumn.Additionally,it reduced the polyphenol-to-amino acid ratio in summer tea leaves by 46.09%,while increasing water extract and soluble sugar contents by 2.60%and 11.76%,respectively.(2)The application of rapeseed cake organic fertilizer(2 250 kg/hm²)combined with specialized tea fertilizer(750 kg/hm²)as base fertilizer,along with foliar amino acid application before harvesting,increased bud density by 22.13%and 26.99%in summer and autumn teas,respectively,and enhanced hundred-bud weight by 40.50%and 54.10%.Harvesting efficiency improved by 9.99%and 15.26%,respectively.Meanwhile,the water extract and total free amino acid content in summer tea leaves significantly increased,and the finished green tea achieved a sensory score of 88.98,characterized by a lasting chestnut aroma and a mellow taste.[Conclusion]The combination of heavy pruning after spring tea and light pruning after autumn tea,together with a fertilization regime integrating organic-inorganic base fertilizer and foliar amino acid feeding,can simultaneously improve the yield,mechanical harvesting efficiency,and quality of summer and autumn teas.