耐迟播小麦品种扬麦25种子萌发与幼苗生长的生理特性分析OA

To reveal the physiological basis of late sowing tolerance in Yangmai 25,this study compared it with the late sowing-sensitive cultivar Yangmai 20,to analyze the physiological characteristics of Yangmai 25 during seed germination under delayed sowing conditions.The results showed that:the germination potential and germination rate of Yangmai 25 were consistently and significantly higher than those of Yangmai 20 at the seed germination stage;Within the same time frame,the endosperm underwent accelerated depletion,leading to more rapid formation of apoptotic cavities with in-creased conspicuousness;at the cellular level,amyloplasts in the endosperm cells of Yangmai 25 underwent accelerated ly-sis;During the 72-hour water immersion period,the soluble sugar content and amylase activity in Yangmai 25 were sig-nificantly higher than those in Yangmai 20.At 8 hours of immersion,the gibberellin(GA3)content in Yangmai 25 seeds markedly exceeded that of Yangmai 20,while the zeatin(ZT)levels in Yangmai 25 seeds were consistently higher at 8,24,and 72 hours.Furthermore,during the seedling development stage,Yangmai 25 showed significantly greater plant height,fresh and dry weight of leaves and roots,and higher root activity than Yangmai 20,indicating a more robust root system and stronger growth potential.These physiological traits enable Yangmai 25 to germinate rapidly and establish ro-bust seedlings under late sowing conditions,laying a material foundation for early wheat development,mitigating the ad-verse effects of delayed sowing on growth,and providing theoretical support for breeding late sowing-tolerant wheat varieties.