补充肌醇对孕妇血糖及GDM发生率影响的Meta分析OA

Objective:To evaluate the preventive effect of inositol supplementation during pregnancy on gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods:A systematic search was conducted for relevant randomized controlled trials(RCTs)from the inception of databases including PubMed,Embase,CNKI,SinoMed,Wanfang Data,and VIP up to May 29,2025.A Meta-analysis was then performed on the related outcome measures.Results:A total of 10 RCTs involving 2 011 participants were included.Compared with the control group,the incidence of GDM in the intervention group was significantly reduced(OR=0.36,95%CI:0.18-0.70).Subgroup analysis indicated that 2 g inositol group significantly reduced the incidence of GDM(OR=0.41,95%CI:0.24-0.71),whereas no statistically significant difference was observed between the 4 g inositol group and the control group(P>0.05).Regarding oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)results,compared with the control group,the intervention group demonstrated significantly lower fasting blood glucose(MD=-2.97,95%CI:-4.24--1.70),1-hour OGTT blood glucose(MD=-6.81,95%CI:-13.41--0.22),and 2-hour OGTT blood glucose(MD=-6.31,95%CI:-12.11--0.52).Furthermore,the intervention group had significantly lower fasting serum insulin(MD=-1.96,95%CI:-3.29--0.63),homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)in mid-to-late pregnancy(MD=-0.44,95%CI:-0.74--0.14),insulin usage rate(OR=0.24,95%CI:0.11-0.56),incidence of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy(OR=0.43,95%CI:0.25-0.74)and preterm birth rate(OR=0.47,95%CI:0.30-0.72)compared to the control group.However,no statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in the incidence of macrosomia and neonatal hypoglycemia(all P>0.05).Conclusions:Inositol supplementation can reduce the risk of GDM,improve blood glucose levels and insulin resistance,and to some extent reduce the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.Supplementation with a low dose of inositol during pregnancy may represent a safe and feasible strategy for preventing GDM.