干旱区谷子品种经EMS诱变后农艺性状及籽粒品质变异分析OA

To address the bottleneck of drought-resistant breeding caused by the lack of genetic diversity of foxtail millet in arid and semi-arid areas of China,four main cultivars,including'Yugu 18','Jinuomi 2','Jingu 5','Jigu 11',were used as materials.These were treated with EMS(ethane methyl sulfonate)solutions at gradients of 0％,0.2％,0.4％,0.6％,0.8％,and 1.0％(v/v)for seed mutagenesis.The study systematically an-alyzed the agronomic traits of the M,generation,grain nutritional quality,seedling emergence rates,and phenotypic variations in individual plants.Through the experiment,a germplasm bank containing 620 mutants was established,confirming a 1％EMS concentration as the optimal mutagenesis level for millet.The number of M,gen-eration mutants for each variety ranged from 127 to 220,with an average mutation rate of 18.5％.Significant varia-tions were observaed in drought-related traits:plant height variation rates ranged from 15.52％to 29.74％(with 65％of dwarf stalks),7.66％to 23.28％of tillering traits,and 3.83％to 18.34％of early-maturing plants.In terms of quality traits,materials were obtained with notable improvements,such as an 85.40％increase in crude fat con-tent in'Yugu 18'and a 1.39％rise in crude protein in'Jingu 5'.