《伤寒杂病论》中枳实功效再探讨OA

This study addresses the issue of understanding the efficacy of Zhishi(Fructus Aurantii Immaturus)in the Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases(《伤寒杂病论》)caused by changes in the botanical origin of the herbal medicinals.Through a historical tracing and theoretical exploration,the efficacy theory of Zhishi in the Han Dynasty is further discussed.Historical tracing shows that the botanical origin of Zhishi evolved from the mature fruit peel of Juju(Fructus Ponciri Trifoliatae)in the Han and Tang dynasties to the immature fruit of sour orange after the Song Dynasty.This evolution strengthened its function of"breaking stagnant qi and dispersing accumulation"but caused a disconnection between later theoretical interpretations of Zhishi and its Han Dynasty application.Analysis of formulas containing Zhishi and the herbal combinations in the Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases reveals that the functions have high similarity with records in the Miscellaneous Records of Famous Physicians(《名医别录》),and the effect trends are highly dependent on herbal combinations.The therapeutic range broadly covers the chest and abdomen rather than focusing solely on the lower jiao(焦).Therefore,accurately understanding the efficacy of Zhishi in the Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases requires returning to its Han Dynasty origin(mature fruit peel of Juju),where its properties lean more toward unblocking constraint via diffusing and dissipating rather than aggressively breaking constraint qi.