施氮量和氮磷钾配比对小粒型杂交稻卓两优0985产量构成及养分吸收利用的影响OA
Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate and Nitrogen-Phosphorus-Potassium Ratio on Yield Components and Nutrient Absorption and Utilization of Small-grain Hybrid Rice Zhuoliangyou 0985
为探究施氮量和氮磷钾配比对小粒型杂交稻产量构成及养分吸收利用的影响,以小粒型杂交稻卓两优 0985 为材料,在 4 个施氮量水平(N1 120 kg/hm2、N2 150 kg/hm2、N3 180 kg/hm2、N4 210 kg/hm2)与 3 个氮磷钾配比(F1 1:0.5:0.8、F2 1:0.5:1、F3 1:1:1)条件下开展大田试验.结果表明,随着施氮量增加,卓两优 0985 的产量呈先增后降趋势,N3 处理的实际产量分别比 N1、N2 处理显著增加 5.88％～7.47％、11.05％～17.27％,但 N3 和 N4 处理差异不显著;不同氮磷钾配比处理中,F2 处理的实际产量略高;互作处理中,N3F1 与 N3F2 处理的实际产量较高.增加施氮量有利于提高卓两优 0985 的氮、磷、钾素吸收总量,但会降低氮、磷、钾素吸收效率和利用效率,氮、磷、钾肥偏生产力以及氮、钾收获指数.氮磷钾配比主要影响磷、钾吸收总量与磷素吸收效率.相关分析表明,卓两优 0985 的产量与有效穗数、每穗总粒数呈显著或极显著正相关,与氮、钾素吸收总量呈极显著正相关,与氮素吸收效率呈极显著负相关,与氮、钾收获指数呈显著或极显著负相关.综合考虑产量与养分吸收利用特性,小粒型杂交稻卓两优 0985 的最佳处理为 N3F1 处理(施氮量 180 kg/hm2,氮磷钾配比 1:0.5:0.8).
This study aims to explore the effects of nitrogen(N)application rate and N-phosphorus(P)-potassium(K)(NPK)ratio on the yield components and nutrient absorption and utilization of small-grain hybrid rice.A field experiment was carried out with the small-grain hybrid rice Zhuoliangyou 0985 as material under four N application rates(N1 120 kg/hm2,N2 150 kg/hm2,N3 180 kg/hm2,N4 210 kg/hm2)and three NPK ratios(F1 1:0.5:0.8,F2 1:0.5:1,F3 1:1:1).The results showed that with the increase in N application rate,the yield of Zhuoliangyou 0985 first increased and then decreased.The actual yield of N3 treatment increased significantly by 5.88％～7.47％and 11.05％～17.27％compared with those of N1 and N2 treatments,respectively,while there was no significant difference between N3 and N4 treatments.The actual yield of F2 treatment was slightly higher among different NPK ratio treatments.The actual yields of N3F1 and N3F2 were higher among the interaction treatments.The increase in N application rate helped to improve the total absorption amounts of N,P,and K in Zhuoliangyou 0985,while it reduced the absorption efficiency,utilization efficiency,and partial productivity of N,P,and K and the harvest indices of N and K.The NPK ratio mainly affected the total absorption amounts of P and K and the absorption efficiency of P.The correlation analysis showed that the yield of Zhuoliangyou 0985 had significantly or extremely significantly positive correlations with the number of effective panicles and the total number of grains per panicle,extremely significantly positive correlations with the total absorption amounts of N and K,an extremely significantly negative correlation with the absorption efficiency of N,and significantly or extremely significantly negative correlations with the harvest indices of N and K.Considering the characteristics of yield and nutrient absorption and utilization,the N3F1 treatment(N application rate of 180 kg/hm2 and NPK ratio of 1:0.5:0.8)was the best for the small-grain hybrid rice Zhuoliangyou 0985.
潘群肖;卓乐;龙超;殷超;唐文帮;周文新;易镇邪
湖南农业大学 农学院,湖南 长沙 410128湖南农业大学 农学院,湖南 长沙 410128湖南农业大学 农学院,湖南 长沙 410128湖南农业大学 农学院,湖南 长沙 410128湖南农业大学 农学院,湖南 长沙 410128||湖南杂交水稻研究中心,湖南 长沙 410128湖南农业大学 农学院,湖南 长沙 410128湖南农业大学 农学院,湖南 长沙 410128
农业科技
小粒型杂交稻施氮量氮磷钾配比产量养分吸收利用
small-grain hybrid ricenitrogen application ratenitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratioyieldnutrient absorption and utilization
《杂交水稻》 2026 (2)
48-59,12
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2301402)湖南省农业农村厅项目(湘农办发[2023]38号,湘农办发[2024]27号)
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