水稻花药组织培养特性的细胞质效应研究OA

A set of isonuclear-alloplasmic male sterile and maintainer lines of rice,developed through over 25 generations of nuclear substitution backcrossing,were used in this study.These lines share the same nuclei from Zhenshan 97B but carry different cytoplasms:Raoping wild rice,Yebai,Yegong,and the fertile Zhenshan 97B cytoplasm.They were crossed with the japonica restorer line Joshu from Japan to construct hybrids with identical nuclei but different cytoplasms.The cytoplasmic effects on tissue culture characteristics of rice anthers were analyzed by measuring the callus appearance time,induction rate,regeneration rate,green seedling rate,and white seedling rate of rice anthers under both N6 and SK3 medium conditions.The results demonstrated that cytoplasm had significant or highly significant influences on anther callus appearance time and induction rate under both medium conditions,as well as on the white seedling rate under the N6 medium conditions.Significant or highly significant interaction effects between nucleus and cytoplasm,and between culture medium and cytoplasm on anther callus appearance time and induction rate were observed under both medium conditions.Joshu contributed to shorter appearance time and higher induction,regeneration,and green seedling rates of anther callus under both medium conditions.Between the two media,N6 supported higher anther callus induction,regeneration,and green seedling rates of Joshu and the indica-japonica F1 hybrids,while SK3 was more effective in shortening the anther callus appearance time.In conclusion,cytoplasm is an important factor influencing anther culture efficiency.Selecting appropriate cytoplasmic and nuclear genotypes,along with optimizing the culture medium,can enhance rice anther culture efficiency and provide insights into the underlying genetic mechanisms.