肥料管理对农田土壤固碳的影响:机制、调控因素与可持续策略OA

The dual pressures of global climate change and growing demand for food position the enhancement of soil carbon sequestration capacity in farmlands as a key pathway for supporting sustainable agricultural development.However,the pathways of carbon sequestration under different fertilization strategies are complex and diverse,and their effects are profoundly influenced by soil,climate,and management practices,posing challenges for synthesizing relevant research findings systematically and developing universal strategies.Therefore,this review has systematically summarized the main mechanisms by which fertilization affects soil carbon sequestration,including pathways such as crop carbon input,physical protection within soil aggregates,regulation of soil physicochemical properties,and microbial transformation.We also analyzed the key regulatory factors.Based on this,this paper further proposes a sustainable carbon sequestration strategy centered on precise nutrient management,combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers,coordination of conservation tillage,and application of novel fertilizers.This review will provide a scientific basis for establishing regionally adapted technological systems for carbon sequestration and emission reduction in farmlands to synergistically advance the achievement of food security and climate mitigation goals.