卒中病程动态演变下的康复脑机接口技术演进OA

Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability in adults.Its rehabilitation is a dynamic process spanning the acute,subacute,and chronic phases,each with distinct neurophysiological characteristics and rehabilitation needs.Rehabilitation brain-computer interface(rBCI)technologies decode motor intentions from the brain of stroke patients and establish a direct communication pathway between the brain and external devices,providing innovative strategies for the rehabilitation of post-stroke dysfunction.However,the clinical application of rBCI in stroke rehabilitation requires that its intervention paradigms,signal acquisition,feature extraction,and real-time feedback be precisely matched to the dynamic course of stroke.This paper systematically reviews the adaptation and optimization strategies of rBCI tailored to the characteristics of different stroke phases(acute,subacute,and chronic phases).First,it describes the time windows of post-stroke neuroplasticity and the pathophysiological features of each phase.Second,it focuses on the application strategies,technical characteristics,and developmental trends of rBCI,specifically addressing monitoring,assessment,and early passive intervention in the acute phase;active sensorimotor circuit remodeling in the subacute phase;and functional optimization and generalization of application scenarios in the chronic phase.This review aims to provide a clear theoretical framework for clinicians and researchers,facilitating the understanding and advancement of the dynamic application of rBCI in the full-cycle rehabilitation of stroke.