学龄前伴过敏性疾病儿童维生素A、D、E水平差异分析及与重症肺炎发生风险的相关性分析OA

Objective To investigate the differences in vitamin A,D and E levels among preschool children with allergic diseases and their correlation with the risk of severe pneumonia.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 240 preschool children with allergic diseases admitted to Zhoukou Children's Hospital from December 2022 to December 2024.Based on the occurrence of severe pneumonia,the patients were divided into a severe pneumonia group(n=73)and a non-severe pneumonia group(n=167).Differences in vitamin A,D and E levels were compared,and Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify risk factors for severe pneumonia.Results Significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of history of allergic rhinitis,allergic asthma,pet ownership,residence,passive smoking exposure,and>2 episodes of recurrent respiratory infections within 6 months(P<0.05).The levels of vitamin A,D and E in the severe pneumonia group of children were lower than those in the non-severe pneumonia group(P<0.05).The severe pneumonia group demonstrated a higher prevalence of vitamin A,D and E deficiencies compared to the non-severe pneumonia group(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between vitamin A,D and E levels and the risk of severe pneumonia in preschool children with allergic diseases(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis identified the following risk factors for severe pneumonia in preschool children with allergic diseases:history of allergic rhinitis,allergic asthma,pet ownership,rural residence,passive smoking exposure,>2 episodes of recurrent respiratory infections within 6 months,subclinical vitamin A deficiency,and vitamin D/E deficiency(P<0.05).Conclusion Preschool children with allergic diseases exhibit lower levels of vitamins A,D and E,which are negatively correlated with the risk of severe pneumonia.Allergic rhinitis,allergic asthma,pet ownership,rural residence,history of passive smoking,recurrent respiratory infections>2 times within 6 months,and deficiencies in vitamins A,D and E are all independent risk factors for severe pneumonia in preschool children with allergic diseases.