牛奶中红外光谱信息在预测奶牛剩余采食量中的应用进展OA

Residual feed intake(RFI)is defined as the difference between an animal's actual feed intake and its expected feed intake for maintenance and production,which is widely used to assess feed efficiency(FE).Improving FE in dairy cows can reduce production costs,enhance the economic performance of dairy farming,and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions,etc.RFI and FE have a strong genetic correlation and a high heritability(0.20-0.57).FE can be measured by predicting the RFI of dairy cows,thereby selecting dairy cows with higher FE.Mid-infrared spectroscopy(MIRS)is a tool that can predict the chemical composition of milk.In recent years,MIRS has been applied to predict indicators such as sodium,potassium and magnesium contents in milk,fatty acid content,and RFI of dairy cows.Its advantages include low cost,high throughput,easy acquisition,and high accuracy.This article provides a detailed introduction to the lactation stage of RFI determination,RFI calculation model,and MIRS in milk analysis technology,prediction RFI model,and model evaluation methods.Studies have shown that the ability of MIRS to predict RFI in dairy cows varies depending on the lactation stage and model variables,and its accuracy ranges from 0.46 to 0.60.It is expected to provide a reference for subsequent model optimization and to find a fast,efficient,and low-cost method for breeding dairy cows with high FE,fundamentally saving feed costs for the dairy industry,reducing methane emissions,and providing important support for efficient,green,and sustainable development.