维生素D在自身免疫性疾病中的作用机制研究进展OA

Vitamin D,a fat-soluble steroid hormone,plays a pivotal role not only in maintaining calcium homeostasis but also in stimulating innate immunity and inducing immune tolerance,thereby exerting immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects.Vitamin D deficiency has been implicated in exacerbating inflammatory responses and immune dysregulation in various autoimmune diseases,leading to increased incidence and prolonged progression,and is thus considered closely associated with the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders.Furthermore,accumulating evidence suggests that adequate supplementation of vitamin D and its analogues demonstrates beneficial preventive and therapeutic effects in certain autoimmune conditions.This review provides a comprehensive summary of the critical roles,underlying mechanisms,and clinical advances of vitamin D in autoimmune regulation,aiming to establish a theoretical foundation for its clinical application in disease management.