2023-2025年山东省威海市动物疫情信息分析OA

In order to clarify the epidemiological characteristics and key control targets of livestock and poultry diseases in Weihai City,Shandong Province,outbreak data was read using the openxlsx package in R language from 1 138 animal disease outbreaks reported by the city from 2023 to 2025,to establish a database,then transformed,screened and grouped for statistical analysis using the tidyverse package,significant differences among different groups were analyzed using Chi-square tests and Fisher's exact tests,Spearman correlation analysis was conducted based on the correlation between the number of susceptible animals and disease incidence indicators using the corrplot package.Data visualization and significance marking were performed using ggplot2,ggpubr and ggsignif packages to generate pivot charts,boxplots and correlation scatter plots.The results showed that animal disease outbreaks in the city were obviously different in regions,years,animal species and types of infected sites,reported as the maximum number in Wendong City,but the minimum in Nanhai New Zone;outbreaks mainly occurred in emerging infected sites,especially smallholders(villages)where were identified as the sites with the highest risk;pigs and poultry were the key host species in outbreak reports,accounting for 88.05%of the total outbreaks.The size,fatality rate and mortality rate of susceptible animal populations were obviously higher in non-emerging sites compared to emerging sites,the morbidity and mortality rates in free-range farming system were higher than those in large-scale facilities.The number of susceptible animals was significantly positively correlated with the number of cases,but significantly negatively with morbidity rate.For disease categories,no animal diseases under category I were reported,those under category II occurred with a low frequency but a high mortality rate,and those under category III spread widely with a wide variety of pathogens,leading to substantial economic losses,which should be prevented and controlled as a top priority.Porcine epidemic diarrhea and eperythrozoonosis were considered as the major infectious diseases affecting pigs,coccidiosis and salmonellosis were those affecting poultry,and brucellosis was identified as a cross-species disease that should be prevented and controlled as a top priority.Livestock industry in the city was recommended to be safeguarded by improving comprehensive monitoring and implementing targeted prevention and control measures,with a regulation focus on animal diseases under category III,smallholders and non-emerging sites.