节点边际电价机制的经济学性质归纳与局限性分析OA

The locational marginal pricing(LMP)scheme is a commonly used pricing scheme in domestic and international electricity spot markets.Existing research has discussed certain economic properties of LMP under specific market-clearing models.However,current studies lack a thorough analysis of the conditions under which LMP ensures properties including interpretability,competitive equilibrium,cost recovery,and revenue adequacy.The limitations of LMP require systematic demonstration.When LMP fails to guarantee properties in actual market clearing problems,it may lead to significant lost opportunity costs or cost recovery shortfalls,which is detrimental to the stability of market operations.Therefore,this paper comprehensively analyzes the economic properties and limitations of LMP.Firstly,it summarizes the economic properties an ideal pricing scheme should satisfy,delineating the property requirements.Then,based on a market clearing problem that considers multiple types of market participants,including thermal and hydroelectric units,this paper derives the price formulation,systematically organizes the conditions under which LMP guarantees these properties and proves them.It clarifies the mechanism by which LMP can satisfy economic properties under specific market-clearing models or the reasons for potential property impairments.Finally,this paper constructs simple and illustrative cases that demonstrate the impairments of the economic properties of LMP under actual market clearing conditions,such as the optimality limitation of the dispatch solutions,the non-convexity of thermal units,the upstream and downstream coupling of hydroelectric units,and restrictions on planned electricity,thereby substantiating the limitations of the LMP scheme in practical applications.