从挤出到替代:奖学金影响本科生学习动机的机制重构与协同路径OACHSSCD

The university scholarship system serves as key incentives for cultivating top-notch innovative talents,playing an educational role in enhancing academic performance,stimulating intrinsic motivation,and promoting the holistic development of talents.However,the effectiveness of scholarships in fostering students' growth remains a subject of significant academic debate,which hinders the full realization of their incentivizing potential and the optimization of the system.Using data from a national longitudinal survey of university students,this study systematically examines the non-linear effects of scholarships on academic performance and learning motivation,as well as their underlying mechanisms.The findings reveal that scholarships exert a significant non-linear influence on academic performance,with their marginal effects demonstrating an inverted N-shaped pattern-initially rising,then falling,and finally rising again-as the award amount rises.Non-linear three-dimensional interactive modeling results indicate that scholarships have a crowding-out effect on learning motivation,primarily manifesting as motivational substitution rather than direct erosion.Furthermore,students' time allocation structure serves as the micro-level behavioral driver of the non-linear effects of scholarships,while perceived economic pressure moderates the educational outcomes of scholarships.Based on these findings,it is recommended to optimize the hierarchical structure of university scholarships,improve the synergistic incentive mechanisms for both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation,and enhance the quality of independent cultivation of top-notch innovative talents.