生物质前驱体制备功能化碳点及其在环境修复与可再生能源技术中的应用OA

The green synthesis of functionalized carbon dots(C-dots)from natural precursors is reviewed,providing a sustainable and versat-ile platform for environmental remediation and renewable energy tech-nologies.The focus is on methods such as hydrothermal,microwave-assisted,pyrolytic,solvent-based,and ultrasonic routes,with an em-phasis on biomass-derived precursors and green solvents.Strategies are given for surface passivation,hybridization,and composite formation to tailor their optical properties and their applications in sustainable tech-nologies are examined.In environmental remediation,they act as effi-cient photocatalysts for degrading organic pollutants and reducing carbon dioxide(CO2).For renewable energy,they improve light-harvesting in solar cells and dye-sensitized solar cells.Their notable stability and efficiency are highlighted,alongside per-sistent challenges in controlling their size,uniformity,and scalability of quantum yield.Future work must clarify the structure-activity relationships for multifunctional compounds,facilitating commercial deployment.