美洲大蠊研粉对脊髓半横断损伤大鼠神经元凋亡的影响OA

Objective To investigate the effects of Periplaneta americana powder on pathological chan-ges and neuronal apoptosis in the injury area of rats with hemisection spinal cord injury(hSCI).Methods A total of 90 female Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly assigned to three groups:the sham surgery group,the spinal cord injury group,and the Periplaneta americana powder group,with 30 rats in each group.The sham surgery group underwent a T10 laminectomy without any spinal cord injury.Both the spinal cord injury group and the Periplaneta americana powder group underwent a T10 laminectomy followed by a left-side spinal cord hemisection.Rats in the sham surgery group and the spinal cord injury group were administered physio-logical saline(5 mL per rat)30 minutes prior to surgery and daily thereafter.The Periplaneta americana pow-der group received a physiological saline solution containing Periplaneta americana powder(630 mg/kg,5 mL per rat)at the same time points.On postoperative day 7,five rats from each group were selected for hematoxy-lin-eosinstaining(HE).At postoperative 4 h,8 h,and 1 d,3 d,7 d,five rats from each group were taken to detect the content of Bax,Caspase-3,and Bcl-2 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results Compared to the spinal cord injury group,the Periplaneta americana powder group exhibited a more compact spinal cord tissue structure,a clearer boundary between gray and white matter,less severe gray matter damage,clearer neuronal morphology,and milder edema.In contrast,compared to the sham surgery group,the Periplaneta americana powder group displayed a looser spinal cord tissue structure,a more blurred boundary between gray and white matter,and more severe damage to the gray matter.At all time points,the expression levels of Bax in the spi-nal cord injury group and Periplaneta americana powder group were higher than those in the sham group,and the expression level of Bax in the spinal cord injury group was higher than that in the Periplaneta americana powder group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).At 4 h postoperatively,there was no statis-tically significant difference in Caspase-3 expression between the spinal cord injury group and the Periplaneta americana powder group(P>0.05).At all other time points,Caspase-3 expression levels in both the spinal cord injury group and the Periplaneta americana powder group were significantly higher than those in the sham surgery group,and the spinal cord injury group exhibited significantly higher Caspase-3 expression than the Periplaneta americana powder group(P<0.05).Similarly,at 4 h postoperatively,there was no statistically significant difference in Bcl-2 expression between the Periplaneta americana powder group and the spinal cord injury group(P>0.05).At all other time points,Bcl-2 expression in the Periplaneta americana powder group was significantly higher than that in both the sham surgery and the spinal cord injury group group,while the spinal cord injury group also showed significantly higher Bcl-2 expression than the sham surgery group(P<0.05).Conclusion The powder of the Periplaneta americana reduces the expression levels of Bax and Caspase-3 protein in the spinal cord injury area of hSCI rats,increase the expression level of Bcl-2 protein,and inhibit neuronal apoptosis,thereby reducing the degree of damage to the spinal cord tissue structure of hSCI rats and protecting neuronal cells.