儿童青少年体适能对认知功能及心理健康影响的现状评估与协同发展策略OACHSSCD
Assessing the Effects of Physical Fitness on Cognitive Function and Mental Health in Children and Adoles-cents:Current Status and Strategies for Coordinated Development
目的:青春期是认知功能发展的关键窗口期,也是心理健康问题易发阶段.体适能与青少年的认知功能和心理健康密切相关,需深入探究体适能、认知功能与心理健康的关系.通过为期3年的追踪,探讨从儿童期至青春期体适能水平对青春期认知功能和心理健康的影响.方法:共纳入819名青少年,基线年龄为7～9岁,随访第3年年龄为10～12岁,测量20 m折返跑(心肺耐力)、50 m跑(运动速度)、立定跳远(下肢力量)和握力(上肢力量)数据,以及认知功能、焦虑和抑郁得分,利用线性回归分析考察平均体适能得分和3年体适能变化量对第3年随访时认知功能、抑郁和焦虑症状的影响.结果:在3年随访期间,平均心肺耐力与焦虑(β=-0.149;P<0.01)和抑郁水平(β=-0.217;P<0.01)呈负向关,心肺耐力的变化量与焦虑(β=-0.210;P<0.01)和抑郁水平(β=-0.227;P<0.01)呈负向关;3年平均运动速度与认知功能呈正向关(β=0.154;P<0.01),并与焦虑(β=-0.156;P<0.01)和抑郁水平(β=-0.171;P<0.01)呈负向关.结论:个体从儿童期至青春期持续保持良好的心肺耐力,有助于青春期心理健康的积极发展,提升速度素质对青少年的认知功能和心理健康具有促进作用.因此,在学校和家庭环境中,通过推广形式多样、结构合理的体育活动,系统提升儿童青少年的体适能水平,是促进青少年认知功能和心理健康协同发展的可行途径.
Objective:Adolescence is a critical window for cognitive development and a susceptible period for mental health issues.Physical fitness is closely associated with both cognitive function and mental health in adolescents,however,longitudinal studies examining the relationships among physical fitness,cognitive function,and mental health remain scarce.This study aimed to investigate the effects of physical fitness levels from childhood to adolescence on cognitive function and mental health during adolescence through a 3-year follow-up design.Methods:A total of 819 adolescents aged 7～9 years at baseline were included,with follow-up assessments conducted at age 10～12 years.Measurements included the 20-meter shuttle run(cardiovascular endurance),50-meter sprint(movement speed),standing long jump(lower limb strength),and handgrip strength(upper limb strength),as well as cognitive function scores and anxiety and depression scales score.Linear regression analyses were used to examine the associations of both the average physical fitness score over 3 years and the change in physical fitness across the follow-up period with cognitive function,depression,and anxiety symptoms at the third-year fol-low-up.Results:Over the 3-year follow-up,higher average cardiovascular endurance was negatively associated with anxiety(β=-0.149,P<0.01)and depres-sion(β=-0.217,P<0.01).Similarly,greater improvement in cardiovascular endurance was associated with lower anxiety(β=-0.210,P<0.01)and depression(β=-0.227,P<0.01).Higher average movement speed was positively associated with cognitive function(β=0.154,P<0.01)and negatively associated with anxiety(β=-0.156,P<0.01)and depression(β=-0.171,P<0.01).Conclusions:Maintaining good cardiovascular endurance from childhood through adoles-cence contributes to positive mental health development in adolescence.Meanwhile,improving movement speed promotes both cognitive function and mental health in adolescents.Therefore,systematically enhancing physical fitness levels in children and adolescents through diversified and well-structured physical activities in school and family settings represents a feasible approach to support the integrated development of cognitive function and mental health.
石晓峰
山西大学体育学院,山西 太原 030006
社会科学
青春期心肺耐力运动速度认知功能焦虑抑郁
pubertycardiorespiratory fitnessmovement speedcognitive functionanxietydepression
《天津体育学院学报》 2026 (2)
150-157,166,9
山西省"1331工程"重点创新团队建设计划(项目编号(1331KIRT-5)
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