钠金属负极界面失效机理与多尺度稳定策略OA

Sodium metal batteries(SMBs)are regarded as highly promising candidates for next-generation high-energy-density energy storage systems,owing to the high theoretical specific capacity(1 166 mA•h/g)and low redox potential(-2.71 V(vs.SHE))of sodium metal.However,the practical implementation of sodium metal anodes is significantly impeded by several critical issues,including uncontrollable dendrite growth,vigorous interfacial side reactions,and instability of the solid electrolyte interphase(SEI).Consequently,engineering a stable and robust anode interface has become a pivotal research focus for achieving high-performance SMBs.In recent years,researchers have proposed a variety of interfacial regulation strategies,including electrolyte optimization,artificial interfacial layer construction,application of solid-state or gel electrolytes,and alloying approaches.This review systematically summarizes recent progress in stabilizing the sodium metal anode interface,with a focus on the mechanismsof various interface engineering strategies and their effects on electrochemical performance.The challenges and future perspectives in this field are also discussed.